Chapter 10
The verses below are drawn from the days in which this chapter appears. Day 19, Day 20, Day 21 .
ीभगवानुवाच
भूय एव महाबाहो ृणु मे परमं वचः।
यत्तेऽहं प्रीयमाणाय वािम िहतकाम्यया ॥१० - १॥
भूय एव महाबाहो ृणु मे परमं वचः।
यत्तेऽहं प्रीयमाणाय वािम िहतकाम्यया ॥१० - १॥
Śrī-bhagavān uvāca
bhūya eva mahābāho śṛṇu me paramaṁ vacaḥ.
yat te 'haṁ prīyamāṇāya vakṣyāmi hitakāmyayā ॥ 10-1 ॥
bhūya eva mahābāho śṛṇu me paramaṁ vacaḥ.
yat te 'haṁ prīyamāṇāya vakṣyāmi hitakāmyayā ॥ 10-1 ॥
Lord Krishna said: O mighty-armed Arjuna, hear again My supreme word, which I shall speak to you for your welfare, out of a desire for your benefit, because you are very dear to Me.
न मे िवदुः सुरगणाः प्रभवं न महषयः।
अहमािदिह देवानां महषणां च सवशः ॥१० - २॥
अहमािदिह देवानां महषणां च सवशः ॥१० - २॥
na me viduḥ suragaṇāḥ prabhavaṁ na maharṣayaḥ.
aham ādir hi devānāṁ maharṣīṇāṁ ca sarvaśaḥ ॥ 10-2 ॥
aham ādir hi devānāṁ maharṣīṇāṁ ca sarvaśaḥ ॥ 10-2 ॥
Neither the hosts of gods nor the great sages know My origin or My opulence, for I am, in all respects, the source of the gods and the great sages.
यो मामजमनािदं च वेित्त लोकमहेश्वरम्।
असूढः स मषु सवपापैः प्रमुच्यते ॥१० - ३॥
असूढः स मषु सवपापैः प्रमुच्यते ॥१० - ३॥
yo mām ajam anādiṁ ca vetti lokamaheśvaram.
asammūḍhaḥ sa martyeṣu sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyate ॥ 10-3 ॥
asammūḍhaḥ sa martyeṣu sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyate ॥ 10-3 ॥
One who knows Me as the unborn, as the beginningless, and as the Supreme Lord of all the worlds – he, among mortals, is undeluded and freed from all sins.
बुानमसोहः क्षमा सं दमः शमः।
सुखं दुःखं भवोऽभावो भयं चाभयमेव च ॥१० - ४॥
सुखं दुःखं भवोऽभावो भयं चाभयमेव च ॥१० - ४॥
buddhir jñānam asammohaḥ kṣamā satyaṁ damaḥ śamaḥ.
sukhaṁ duḥkhaṁ bhavo 'bhāvo bhayaṁ cābhayameva ca ॥ 10-4 ॥
sukhaṁ duḥkhaṁ bhavo 'bhāvo bhayaṁ cābhayameva ca ॥ 10-4 ॥
Intelligence, knowledge, freedom from doubt and delusion, forgiveness, truthfulness, control of the senses, control of the mind, happiness, distress, birth, death, fear, and fearlessness –
अिहंसा समता तुिस्तपो दानं यशोऽयशः।
भवन्त भावा भूतानां मत्त एव पृथधाः ॥१० - ५॥
bhavanti bhāvā bhūtānāṁ matta eva pṛthagvidhāḥ ॥ 10- ५॥
भवन्त भावा भूतानां मत्त एव पृथधाः ॥१० - ५॥
bhavanti bhāvā bhūtānāṁ matta eva pṛthagvidhāḥ ॥ 10- ५॥
ahiṁsā samatā tuṣṭis tapo dānaṁ yaśo 'yaśaḥ.
Non-violence, equanimity, contentment, austerity, charity, fame, and infamy – all these various qualities of living beings originate from Me alone.
महषयः सप्त पूव चारो मनवस्तथा।
मावा मानसा जाता येषां लोक इमाः प्रजाः ॥१० - ६॥
मावा मानसा जाता येषां लोक इमाः प्रजाः ॥१० - ६॥
maharṣayaḥ sapta pūrve catvāro manavas tathā.
madbhāvā mānasā jātā yeṣāṁ loka imāḥ prajāḥ ॥ 10-6 ॥
madbhāvā mānasā jātā yeṣāṁ loka imāḥ prajāḥ ॥ 10-6 ॥
The seven great sages, and before them the four Manus, were born from My mind, imbued with My nature; from them, all these living beings in the world have sprung.
एतां िवभूितं योगं च मम यो वेित्त तत्त्वतः।
सोऽिवकेन योगेन युज्यते नात्र संशयः ॥१० - ७॥
सोऽिवकेन योगेन युज्यते नात्र संशयः ॥१० - ७॥
etāṁ vibhūtiṁ yogaṁ ca mama yo vetti tattvataḥ.
so 'vikampena yogena yujyate nātra saṁśayaḥ ॥ 10-7 ॥
so 'vikampena yogena yujyate nātra saṁśayaḥ ॥ 10-7 ॥
One who truly understands this opulence and mystic power of Mine becomes engaged in unwavering devotional service; of this, there is no doubt.
अहं सवस्य प्रभवो मत्तः सव प्रवतते।
इित मा भजन्ते मां बुधा भावसमताः ॥१० - ८॥
इित मा भजन्ते मां बुधा भावसमताः ॥१० - ८॥
ahaṁ sarvasya prabhavo mattaḥ sarvaṁ pravartate.
iti matvā bhajante māṁ budhā bhāvasamanvitāḥ ॥ 10-8 ॥
iti matvā bhajante māṁ budhā bhāvasamanvitāḥ ॥ 10-8 ॥
I am the origin of all; everything emanates from Me. Understanding this, the wise, imbued with deep devotion, worship Me.
मत्ता मद्गतप्राणा बोधयन्तः परस्परम्।
कथयन्तश्च मां िनं तुष्यन्त च रमन्त च ॥१० - ९॥
कथयन्तश्च मां िनं तुष्यन्त च रमन्त च ॥१० - ९॥
maccittā madgata-prāṇā bodhayantaḥ parasparam.
kathayantaś ca māṁ nityaṁ tuṣyanti ca ramanti ca ॥ 10-9 ॥
kathayantaś ca māṁ nityaṁ tuṣyanti ca ramanti ca ॥ 10-9 ॥
With their minds fixed on Me and their lives fully devoted to Me, My devotees derive great satisfaction and bliss by enlightening one another and speaking of Me always.
तेषां सततयुानां भजतां प्रीितपूवकम्।
ददािम बुयोगं तं येन मामुपयान्त ते ॥१० - १०॥
ददािम बुयोगं तं येन मामुपयान्त ते ॥१० - १०॥
teṣāṁ satata-yuktānāṁ bhajatāṁ prīti-pūrvakam.
dadāmi buddhi-yogaṁ taṁ yena mām upayānti te ॥ 10-10 ॥
dadāmi buddhi-yogaṁ taṁ yena mām upayānti te ॥ 10-10 ॥
To those who are constantly devoted and worship Me with love, I grant the divine intellect by which they can come to Me.
तेषामेवानुकाथमहमानजं तमः।
नाशयाम्यात्मभावस्थो ानदीपेन भास्वता ॥१० - ११॥
नाशयाम्यात्मभावस्थो ानदीपेन भास्वता ॥१० - ११॥
teṣām evānukampārtham aham ajñānajaṁ tamaḥ.
nāśayāmy ātma-bhāvastho jñāna-dīpena bhāsvatā ॥ 10-11 ॥
nāśayāmy ātma-bhāvastho jñāna-dīpena bhāsvatā ॥ 10-11 ॥
Out of compassion for them, I, dwelling within their hearts, destroy the darkness born of ignorance with the resplendent lamp of knowledge.
अजुन उवाच
परं ब्रह्म परं धाम पिवत्रं परमं भवान्।
पुरुषं शाश्वतं िदव्यमािददेवमजं िवभुम् ॥१० - १२॥
परं ब्रह्म परं धाम पिवत्रं परमं भवान्।
पुरुषं शाश्वतं िदव्यमािददेवमजं िवभुम् ॥१० - १२॥
arjuna uvāca
paraṁ brahma paraṁ dhāma pavitraṁ paramaṁ bhavān.
puruṣaṁ śāśvataṁ divyam ādi-devam ajaṁ vibhum ॥ 10-12 ॥
paraṁ brahma paraṁ dhāma pavitraṁ paramaṁ bhavān.
puruṣaṁ śāśvataṁ divyam ādi-devam ajaṁ vibhum ॥ 10-12 ॥
Arjuna said: You are the Supreme Brahman, the ultimate abode, the purest, the Supreme Absolute Truth. You are the eternal, divine, primeval Lord, unborn and all-pervading.
आहुामृषयः सव देविषनारदस्तथा।
अिसतो देवलो व्यासः स्वयं चैव ब्रवीिष मे ॥१० - १३॥
अिसतो देवलो व्यासः स्वयं चैव ब्रवीिष मे ॥१० - १३॥
āhus tvām ṛṣayaḥ sarve devarṣir nāradas tathā.
asito devalo vyāsaḥ svayaṁ caiva bravīṣi me ॥ 10-13 ॥
All the great sages, like Nārada, Asita, Devala, and Vyāsa, declare You to be so, and now You Yourself are
asito devalo vyāsaḥ svayaṁ caiva bravīṣi me ॥ 10-13 ॥
All the great sages, like Nārada, Asita, Devala, and Vyāsa, declare You to be so, and now You Yourself are
telling me this.
सवमेतदृतं मन्ये यां वदिस केशव।
न िह ते भगवन्व्यं िवदुदवा न दानवाः ॥१० - १४॥
न िह ते भगवन्व्यं िवदुदवा न दानवाः ॥१० - १४॥
sarvam etad ṛtaṁ manye yan māṁ vadasi keśava.
na hi te bhagavan vyaktiṁ vidur devā na dānavāḥ ॥ 10-14 ॥
na hi te bhagavan vyaktiṁ vidur devā na dānavāḥ ॥ 10-14 ॥
O Keshava, I accept as truth all that You have told me. Indeed, O Lord, neither the gods nor the demons understand Your manifestation.
स्वयमेवात्मनात्मानं वेत्थ ं पुरुषोत्तम।
भूतभावन भूतेश देवदेव जगत्पते ॥१० - १५॥
भूतभावन भूतेश देवदेव जगत्पते ॥१० - १५॥
svayam evātmanātmānaṁ vettha tvaṁ puruṣottama.
bhūta-bhāvana bhūteśa deva-deva jagat-pate ॥ 10-15 ॥
bhūta-bhāvana bhūteśa deva-deva jagat-pate ॥ 10-15 ॥
Indeed, You alone know Yourself by Your own potency, O Supreme Person, O source of all beings, O Lord of all creatures, O God of gods, O Lord of the universe!
वुमहस्यशेषेण िदव्या ात्मिवभूतयः।
यािभिवभूितिभलकािनमां ं व्याप्य ितष्ठिस ॥१० - १६॥
यािभिवभूितिभलकािनमां ं व्याप्य ितष्ठिस ॥१० - १६॥
vaktum arhasy aśeṣeṇa divyā hy ātma-vibhūtayaḥ.
yābhir vibhūtibhir lokān imāṁs tvaṁ vyāpya tiṣṭhasi ॥ 10-16 ॥
yābhir vibhūtibhir lokān imāṁs tvaṁ vyāpya tiṣṭhasi ॥ 10-16 ॥
Please describe to me in full Your divine opulences, by which You pervade all these worlds and exist.
कथं िवामहं योिगंां सदा परिचन्तयन्।
केषु केषु च भावेषु िचोऽिस भगवन् मया ॥१० - १७॥
केषु केषु च भावेषु िचोऽिस भगवन् मया ॥१० - १७॥
kathaṁ vidyām ahaṁ yogiṁs tvāṁ sadā paricintayan.
keṣu keṣu ca bhāveṣu cintyo 'si bhagavan mayā ॥ 10-17 ॥
keṣu keṣu ca bhāveṣu cintyo 'si bhagavan mayā ॥ 10-17 ॥
O Yogi, how shall I constantly meditate upon You and know You? And in what various forms, O Lord, are You to be thought of by me?
िवस्तरेणात्मनो योगं िवभूितं च जनादन।
भूयः कथय तृप्तिह ृण्वतो नास्त मेऽमृतम् ॥१० - १८॥
भूयः कथय तृप्तिह ृण्वतो नास्त मेऽमृतम् ॥१० - १८॥
vistareṇātmano yogaṁ vibhūtiṁ ca janārdana.
bhūyaḥ kathaya tṛptir hi śṛṇvato nāsti me 'mṛtam ॥ 10-18 ॥
bhūyaḥ kathaya tṛptir hi śṛṇvato nāsti me 'mṛtam ॥ 10-18 ॥
O Janardana, please describe again in detail Your mystic power and opulence. I am never satiated hearing Your immortal words.
ीभगवानुवाच
हन्त ते कथियष्यािम िदव्या ात्मिवभूतयः।
प्राधान्यतः कुरुेष्ठ नास्त्यन्तो िवस्तरस्य मे ॥१० - १९॥
हन्त ते कथियष्यािम िदव्या ात्मिवभूतयः।
प्राधान्यतः कुरुेष्ठ नास्त्यन्तो िवस्तरस्य मे ॥१० - १९॥
śrī-bhagavān uvāca
hanta te kathayiṣyāmi divyā hy ātma-vibhūtayaḥ.
prādhānyataḥ kuru-śreṣṭha nāstyanto vistarasya me ॥ 10-19 ॥
hanta te kathayiṣyāmi divyā hy ātma-vibhūtayaḥ.
prādhānyataḥ kuru-śreṣṭha nāstyanto vistarasya me ॥ 10-19 ॥
The Supreme Lord said: Yes, I will tell you of My divine opulences, O best of the Kurus, but only the chief ones, for there is no end to the extent of My manifestations.
अहमात्मा गुडाकेश सवभूताशयस्थतः।
अहमािदश्च मं च भूतानामन्त एव च ॥१० - २०॥
अहमािदश्च मं च भूतानामन्त एव च ॥१० - २०॥
aham ātmā guḍākeśa sarva-bhūtāśaya-sthitaḥ.
aham ādiś ca madhyaṁ ca bhūtānām anta eva ca ॥ 10-20 ॥
O Guḍākeśa (Arjuna), I am the Self seated in the hearts of all living entities. I am the beginning, the middle,
and also the end of all beings.
Summary of Verses 1-20
This chunk, covering the first 20 verses of Chapter 10, "Vibhuti Yoga," sets the stage for
Lord Krishna's detailed exposition of His divine opulences. Krishna begins by asserting that
His nature is incomprehensible even to the gods and great sages, for He is the ultimate origin
of all. He explains that knowing Him as unborn, beginningless, and the Supreme Lord frees
one from sin and delusion. He then lists various qualities of beings, such as intelligence,
knowledge, forgiveness, and equanimity, stating that all these emanate from Him. The great
sages and Manus, too, are born from His mind, underscoring His supreme creative power.
Krishna emphasizes that those who truly grasp His opulence and mystic power engage in
unwavering devotional service. He affirms that He is the source of all existence, and the wise
who understand this devote themselves to Him with profound love. For such devotees, He
personally illuminates their hearts with knowledge, dispelling ignorance. Arjuna, convinced
and eager to learn more, acknowledges Krishna's supreme position, corroborated by ancient
sages, and requests a detailed description of His divine manifestations. In response, Krishna
agrees to reveal His principal opulences, cautioning that His full extent is infinite, and then
declares Himself as the Self dwelling in the hearts of all beings, and the origin, middle, and
end of all existence. This section thus establishes Krishna's supreme identity and lays the
groundwork for the subsequent verses where He will enumerate specific manifestations of
His divine power and presence in the universe.
20-Second Video Animation Script: Bhagavad Gita Chapter 10 -
Vibhuti Yoga
(0:00-0:04) Scene: Kurukshetra Battlefield. Close-up on Lord Krishna, serene, speaking to
Arjuna, who listens intently with a thoughtful expression. Golden light subtly emanates from
Krishna.
Voiceover: "In Vibhuti Yoga, Lord Krishna begins to unveil His supreme nature to Arjuna."
(0:04-0:08) Scene: Quick montage. Brief glimpse of celestial beings (gods, sages) looking
awestruck, then a cosmic vision of creation (stars, elements) originating from a radiant Krishna.
Focus on qualities like light/dark, representing happiness/distress, also emanating from Him.
Voiceover: "He declares Himself the ultimate origin, unknown even to gods, the source of all existence
and every quality."
(0:08-0:13) Scene: Arjuna's face brightens with understanding; a subtle light enters his heart.
Transition to serene devotees (resembling Mahabharata era figures) sitting together, a soft glow
around them as if in meditation or discussion, looking content.
Voiceover: "Knowing Him frees from sin. Devotion to Krishna grants divine intellect and dispels
ignorance, bringing immense joy."
(0:13-0:17) Scene: Arjuna, now filled with awe, bows slightly, then gestures, eagerly asking a
question. A fleeting image of sages (Nārada, Vyāsa) appears, subtly affirming Krishna's words.
aham ādiś ca madhyaṁ ca bhūtānām anta eva ca ॥ 10-20 ॥
O Guḍākeśa (Arjuna), I am the Self seated in the hearts of all living entities. I am the beginning, the middle,
and also the end of all beings.
Summary of Verses 1-20
This chunk, covering the first 20 verses of Chapter 10, "Vibhuti Yoga," sets the stage for
Lord Krishna's detailed exposition of His divine opulences. Krishna begins by asserting that
His nature is incomprehensible even to the gods and great sages, for He is the ultimate origin
of all. He explains that knowing Him as unborn, beginningless, and the Supreme Lord frees
one from sin and delusion. He then lists various qualities of beings, such as intelligence,
knowledge, forgiveness, and equanimity, stating that all these emanate from Him. The great
sages and Manus, too, are born from His mind, underscoring His supreme creative power.
Krishna emphasizes that those who truly grasp His opulence and mystic power engage in
unwavering devotional service. He affirms that He is the source of all existence, and the wise
who understand this devote themselves to Him with profound love. For such devotees, He
personally illuminates their hearts with knowledge, dispelling ignorance. Arjuna, convinced
and eager to learn more, acknowledges Krishna's supreme position, corroborated by ancient
sages, and requests a detailed description of His divine manifestations. In response, Krishna
agrees to reveal His principal opulences, cautioning that His full extent is infinite, and then
declares Himself as the Self dwelling in the hearts of all beings, and the origin, middle, and
end of all existence. This section thus establishes Krishna's supreme identity and lays the
groundwork for the subsequent verses where He will enumerate specific manifestations of
His divine power and presence in the universe.
20-Second Video Animation Script: Bhagavad Gita Chapter 10 -
Vibhuti Yoga
(0:00-0:04) Scene: Kurukshetra Battlefield. Close-up on Lord Krishna, serene, speaking to
Arjuna, who listens intently with a thoughtful expression. Golden light subtly emanates from
Krishna.
Voiceover: "In Vibhuti Yoga, Lord Krishna begins to unveil His supreme nature to Arjuna."
(0:04-0:08) Scene: Quick montage. Brief glimpse of celestial beings (gods, sages) looking
awestruck, then a cosmic vision of creation (stars, elements) originating from a radiant Krishna.
Focus on qualities like light/dark, representing happiness/distress, also emanating from Him.
Voiceover: "He declares Himself the ultimate origin, unknown even to gods, the source of all existence
and every quality."
(0:08-0:13) Scene: Arjuna's face brightens with understanding; a subtle light enters his heart.
Transition to serene devotees (resembling Mahabharata era figures) sitting together, a soft glow
around them as if in meditation or discussion, looking content.
Voiceover: "Knowing Him frees from sin. Devotion to Krishna grants divine intellect and dispels
ignorance, bringing immense joy."
(0:13-0:17) Scene: Arjuna, now filled with awe, bows slightly, then gestures, eagerly asking a
question. A fleeting image of sages (Nārada, Vyāsa) appears, subtly affirming Krishna's words.
Voiceover: "Arjuna, accepting Krishna as the Supreme Truth, earnestly requests a detailed description of His divine glories." (0:17-0:20) Scene: Krishna smiles, nods. The camera pulls back slightly, showing Krishna seated, and from His form, subtle energy lines extend into all directions, touching various elements of the universe (mountains, rivers, animals, human figures), signifying His omnipresence. Voiceover: "Krishna agrees, revealing He is the Self within all beings – their beginning, middle, and end."
आिदानामहं िवुितषां रिवरंशुमान्।
मरीिचमरुताम नक्षत्राणामहं शशी॥
मरीिचमरुताम नक्षत्राणामहं शशी॥
ādityānām ahaṁ viṣṇur jyotiṣāṁ ravir aṁśumān ।
marīcir marutām asmi nakṣatrāṇām ahaṁ śaśī ॥
marīcir marutām asmi nakṣatrāṇām ahaṁ śaśī ॥
Lord Krishna declares that among the twelve Adityas (solar deities), He is Vishnu, the chief and most prominent. Among all effulgent objects, He is the radiant sun, the source of light and energy. Among the Maruts (wind gods), He is Marici, the most powerful and swift. And among the stars and constellations, He is the moon, which provides coolness and light during the night. Through these examples, Krishna illustrates His supreme position and pervasiveness in the celestial realm.
वेदानां सामवेदोऽ देवानाम वासवः।
इयाणां मनश्चा भूतानाम चेतना॥
इयाणां मनश्चा भूतानाम चेतना॥
vedānāṁ sāmavedo ’smi devānām asmi vāsavaḥ ।
indriyāṇāṁ manaś cāsmi bhūtānām asmi cetanā ॥
indriyāṇāṁ manaś cāsmi bhūtānām asmi cetanā ॥
Krishna continues to reveal His identity in various categories. He states that among the four Vedas (Rig, Yajur, Sama, Atharva), He is the Sama Veda, which is known for its melodious hymns and musical rendition. Among the demigods, He is Vasava, or Indra, the king of the gods and controller of the heavens. Among the senses, He is the mind, which is the sixth and most important sense, controlling and coordinating all other senses. And among all living beings, He is consciousness (Chetana), the animating principle that gives life and awareness. This emphasizes His fundamental role in all aspects of existence, from sacred knowledge to the very essence of life.
रुाणां शङ्करश्चा िवेशो यक्षरक्षसाम्।
वसूनां पावकश्चा मेरुः िशखरणामहम्॥
वसूनां पावकश्चा मेरुः िशखरणामहम्॥
rudrāṇāṁ śaṅkaraś cāsmi vitteśo yakṣarakṣasām ।
vasūnāṁ pāvakaś cāsmi meruḥ śikhariṇām aham ॥
vasūnāṁ pāvakaś cāsmi meruḥ śikhariṇām aham ॥
Krishna further expands on His opulences. Among the eleven Rudras (manifestations of Shiva associated with destruction and transformation), He is Shankara (Lord Shiva himself), indicating His supreme power in dissolving the universe. Among the Yakshas and Rakshasas (various classes of supernatural beings, often associated with wealth and power), He is Kubera (Vittesha), the lord of wealth. Among the eight Vasus (elemental deities), He is Pavaka, the god of fire, representing purity and transformative energy. And among all mountains, He is Mount Meru, the mythical central peak of the universe, signifying stability and grandeur. These analogies highlight His control over divine power, wealth, elemental forces, and natural phenomena.
पुरोधसां च मु ं मां िव पाथ बृहस्पितम्।
सेनानीनामहं स्कन्दः सरसाम सागरः॥
सेनानीनामहं स्कन्दः सरसाम सागरः॥
purodhasāṁ ca mukhyaṁ māṁ viddhi pārtha bṛhaspatim ।
senānīnām ahaṁ skandaḥ sarasām asmi sāgaraḥ ॥
senānīnām ahaṁ skandaḥ sarasām asmi sāgaraḥ ॥
Addressing Arjuna as Partha, Krishna identifies Himself with the most prominent figures in specific categories. Among chief priests (purodhas), He is Brihaspati, the preceptor of the gods, symbolizing wisdom and spiritual guidance. Among generals or commanders of armies (senānīnām), He is Skanda (Kartikeya), the god of war and commander of the celestial armies, representing strength and strategic prowess. And among reservoirs of water (sarasām), He is the ocean, signifying vastness, depth, and the ultimate receptacle of all rivers. These examples underscore His supremacy in spiritual authority, military leadership, and natural vastness.
महषणां भृगुरहं िगरामेकमक्षरम्।
यानां जपयोऽ स्थावराणां िहमालयः॥
यानां जपयोऽ स्थावराणां िहमालयः॥
maharṣīṇāṁ bhṛgur ahaṁ girām asmy ekam akṣaram ।
yajñānāṁ japa-yajño ’smi sthāvarāṇām himālayaḥ ॥
yajñānāṁ japa-yajño ’smi sthāvarāṇām himālayaḥ ॥
Krishna continues His enumeration of divine opulences. Among the great sages (maharṣīṇām), He is Bhrigu, one of the foremost ancient seers, signifying profound knowledge and spiritual insight. Among all forms of speech (girām), He is the single syllable Om (ekam akṣaram), the primordial sound and ultimate spiritual vibration. Among all sacrifices (yajñānām), He is Japa-yajña, the chanting of holy names or mantras, which is considered the purest and most effective form of worship in the current age. And among all immovable things (sthāvarāṇām), He is the Himalayas, representing unparalleled grandeur, steadfastness, and spiritual significance.
अश्वः सववृक्षाणां देवषणां च नारदः।
गन्धवाणां िचत्ररथः िसानां किपलो मुिनः॥
गन्धवाणां िचत्ररथः िसानां किपलो मुिनः॥
aśvatthaḥ sarva-vṛkṣāṇāṁ devarṣīṇāṁ ca nāradaḥ ।
gandharvāṇāṁ citrarathaḥ siddhānāṁ kapilo muniḥ ॥
gandharvāṇāṁ citrarathaḥ siddhānāṁ kapilo muniḥ ॥
Krishna declares that among all trees, He is the Ashvattha (sacred fig or banyan tree), which is revered for its longevity and deep roots, symbolizing the eternal nature of creation. Among the divine sages (devarṣīṇām), He is Narada, the celestial wanderer and devotional preacher, representing communication and divine knowledge. Among the Gandharvas (celestial musicians), He is Chitraratha, known for his beautiful music and artistry. And among the perfected beings or Siddhas (those who have attained spiritual perfection through mystic powers), He is Kapila Muni, the propounder of Samkhya philosophy, representing profound spiritual wisdom.
उैःश्रवसमश्वानां िव मां अमृतोद्भवम्।
ऐरावतं गजेाणां नराणां च नरािधपम्॥
ऐरावतं गजेाणां नराणां च नरािधपम्॥
uccaiḥśravasam aśvānāṁ viddhi māṁ amṛtodbhavam ।
airāvataṁ gajendrāṇāṁ narāṇāṁ ca narādhipam ॥
airāvataṁ gajendrāṇāṁ narāṇāṁ ca narādhipam ॥
Krishna specifies further manifestations of His opulence. Among horses, He is Uchchaihshravas, the divine horse born from the churning of the ocean of milk (amrita-udbhava), known for its speed and beauty. Among lordly elephants, He is Airavata, the magnificent white elephant belonging to Lord Indra, symbolizing strength and majesty. And among human beings, He is the king (narādhipam), representing leadership, justice, and the embodiment of authority on Earth. These examples showcase His presence in the most excellent and regal aspects of the animal and human kingdoms.
आयुधानामहं वं धेनूनाम कामधुक्।
प्रजनश्चा कन्दपः सपाणाम वासुिकः॥
प्रजनश्चा कन्दपः सपाणाम वासुिकः॥
āyudhānām ahaṁ vajraṁ dhenūnām asmi kāmadhuk ।
prajanaś cāsmi kandarpaḥ sarpāṇām asmi vāsukiḥ ॥
prajanaś cāsmi kandarpaḥ sarpāṇām asmi vāsukiḥ ॥
Krishna identifies with powerful and essential entities. Among weapons, He is the Vajra (thunderbolt), the weapon of Indra, signifying irresistible power and ultimate strike. Among cows, He is Kamadhuk (Kamadhenu), the wish-fulfilling cow, symbolizing abundance and the fulfillment of desires. Among procreators or causes of generation, He is Kandarpa (Kama, the god of love), but here it refers to righteous and dharmic procreation, not merely lust, ensuring the continuity of life. And among serpents (sarpāṇām), He is Vasuki, the great serpent used as a rope during the churning of the ocean, representing immense power and ancient wisdom.
अनन्तश्चा नागानां वरुणो यादसामहम्।
िपतॄणामयमा चा यमः संयमतामहम्॥
िपतॄणामयमा चा यमः संयमतामहम्॥
anantaś cāsmi nāgānāṁ varuṇo yādasām aham ।
pitṝṇām aryamā cāsmi yamaḥ saṁyamatām aham ॥
pitṝṇām aryamā cāsmi yamaḥ saṁyamatām aham ॥
Lord Krishna declares His identity with significant beings. Among the Nagas (divine multi-headed serpents, often associated with the underworld and cosmic support), He is Ananta (Shesha-naga), the infinite serpent on whom Vishnu rests, symbolizing cosmic support and eternity. Among aquatic deities (yādasām), He is Varuna, the god of oceans and cosmic laws, representing control over the vast waters. Among the Pitrus (ancestors), He is Aryama, the chief of the Pitrus, symbolizing the lineage and spiritual well-being of ancestors. And among controllers or disciplinarians (saṁyamatām), He is Yama, the god of death and justice, representing the ultimate law and order that governs all beings.
प्रादश्चा दैानां कालः कलयतामहम्।
मृगाणां च मृगेोऽहं वैनतेयश्च पिक्षणाम्॥
मृगाणां च मृगेोऽहं वैनतेयश्च पिक्षणाम्॥
prahlādaś cāsmi daityānāṁ kālaḥ kalayatām aham ।
mṛgāṇāṁ ca mṛgendro ’haṁ vainateyaś ca pakṣiṇām ॥
mṛgāṇāṁ ca mṛgendro ’haṁ vainateyaś ca pakṣiṇām ॥
Krishna continues to reveal His presence in diverse categories. Among the Daityas (demons or powerful beings born of Diti), He is Prahlada, known for his unwavering devotion to Lord Vishnu despite being born in an Asuric lineage, symbolizing the triumph of devotion even in adverse circumstances. Among those who measure or account (kalayatām), He is Time (Kala), the ultimate force that measures, consumes, and transforms everything. Among beasts (mṛgāṇām), He is the lion (mṛgendra), signifying strength, majesty, and fearlessness. And among birds (pakṣiṇām), He is Garuda (Vainateya), the divine eagle, vehicle of Vishnu, symbolizing swiftness, power, and loyalty.
पवनः पवताम रामः शस्त्रभृतामहम्।
झषाणां मकरश्चा ोतसाम जाह्नवी॥
झषाणां मकरश्चा ोतसाम जाह्नवी॥
pavanaḥ pavatām asmi rāmaḥ śastra-bhṛtām aham ।
jhaṣāṇāṁ makaraś cāsmi srotasām asmi jāhnavī ॥
jhaṣāṇāṁ makaraś cāsmi srotasām asmi jāhnavī ॥
Krishna further reveals His opulences. Among purifiers or swift movers (pavatām), He is the wind (pavanaḥ), representing the invisible force that pervades and cleanses. Among weapon-bearers (śastra-bhṛtām), He is Rama, referring to Lord Rama, the ideal king and warrior, symbolizing righteousness, valor, and adherence to Dharma. Among aquatic animals (jhaṣāṇām), He is the crocodile or shark (makaraḥ), representing a formidable and powerful creature of the waters. And among rivers (srotasām), He is the Jahnavi (Ganges), the most sacred river in India, symbolizing purity, spiritual cleansing, and divine flow.
सगाणामािदरन्तश्च मं चैवाहमजुन।
अात्मिवा िवानां वादः प्रवदतामहम्॥
अात्मिवा िवानां वादः प्रवदतामहम्॥
sargāṇām ādir antaś ca madhyaṁ caivāham arjuna ।
adhyātma-vidyā vidyānāṁ vādaḥ pravadatām aham ॥
adhyātma-vidyā vidyānāṁ vādaḥ pravadatām aham ॥
Addressing Arjuna, Krishna makes a profound statement about His pervasive nature. He declares that among all creations (sargāṇām), He is the beginning, the end, and also the middle, indicating that He is the origin, sustenance, and dissolution of everything in the universe. Among all sciences (vidyānām), He is the spiritual science of the Self (adhyātma-vidyā), which leads to liberation and self-realization, as it is the highest knowledge. And among all forms of argumentation or discussion (pravadatām), He is the conclusive truth (vādaḥ), meaning that the ultimate and unchallengeable conclusion of any logical discourse is always Him.
अक्षराणामकारोऽ द्वन्द्वः सामािसकस्य च।
अहमेवाक्षयः कालो धाताहं िवश्वतोमुखः॥
अहमेवाक्षयः कालो धाताहं िवश्वतोमुखः॥
akṣarāṇām akāro ’smi dvandvaḥ sāmāsikasya ca ।
aham evākṣayaḥ kālo dhātāhaṁ viśvatomukhaḥ ॥
aham evākṣayaḥ kālo dhātāhaṁ viśvatomukhaḥ ॥
Krishna continues to unveil His essential nature. Among all letters (akṣarāṇām), He is the letter 'A' (akāro), which is the first and most fundamental sound, present in the articulation of all other sounds. Among compound words (sāmāsikasya), He is the 'dvandva' or copulative compound, which joins two or more words with equal importance, symbolizing balance and duality within unity. He also states that He is the eternal time (akṣayaḥ kālo), which is unending and ever- flowing, signifying His timelessness. And He is the creator or sustainer (dhātā) who has faces in all directions (viśvatomukhaḥ), implying His omnipresence and universal providence.
मृुः सवहरश्चाहमुद्भवश्च भिवष्यताम्।
कीितः श्रीवाक् च नारीणां ृितमधा धृितः क्षमा॥
कीितः श्रीवाक् च नारीणां ृितमधा धृितः क्षमा॥
mṛtyuḥ sarva-haraś cāham udbhavaś ca bhaviṣyatām ।
kīrtiḥ śrīr vāk ca nārīṇāṁ smṛtir medhā dhṛtiḥ kṣamā ॥
kīrtiḥ śrīr vāk ca nārīṇāṁ smṛtir medhā dhṛtiḥ kṣamā ॥
Krishna emphasizes His role in the cycle of existence. He states that He is death, the all-devouring (mṛtyuḥ sarva-haraḥ), which consumes all beings at the end of their lives, representing the ultimate cessation and transformation. He is also the origin of all that is yet to be (udbhavaś ca bhaviṣyatām), signifying His role in new beginnings and future creation. Among women, He is the seven divine qualities: fame (kīrtiḥ), prosperity/beauty (śrīḥ), eloquent speech (vāk), memory (smṛtiḥ), intelligence (medhā), fortitude/steadfastness (dhṛtiḥ), and forgiveness (kṣamā). This highlights that all noble and virtuous qualities, especially those expressed through the feminine principle, originate from Him.
बृहाम तथा साां गायत्री छन्दसामहम्।
मासानां मागशीषऽहमृतूनां कुसुमाकरः॥
मासानां मागशीषऽहमृतूनां कुसुमाकरः॥
bṛhat-sāma tathā sāmnāṁ gāyatrī chandasām aham ।
māsānāṁ mārgaśīrṣo ’ham ṛtūnāṁ kusumākaraḥ ॥
māsānāṁ mārgaśīrṣo ’ham ṛtūnāṁ kusumākaraḥ ॥
Krishna continues to identify with the most excellent within categories. Among the hymns of the Sama Veda (sāmnāṁ), He is the Brihat-sama, a particularly profound and melodious hymn, representing the pinnacle of sacred chanting. Among meters (chandasām), He is the Gayatri mantra, considered the most potent and sacred of Vedic hymns, symbolizing spiritual enlightenment. Among months (māsānāṁ), He is Margashirsha (November-December), which is considered an auspicious month in the Vedic calendar, known for its pleasant weather. And among seasons (ṛtūnāṁ), He is spring (kusumākaraḥ), the season of blossoming flowers and rejuvenation, signifying beauty, fertility, and new life.
द्यूतं छलयताम तेजस्तेजनामहम्।
जयोऽ व्यवसायोऽ सत्त्वं सत्त्ववतामहम्॥
जयोऽ व्यवसायोऽ सत्त्वं सत्त्ववतामहम्॥
dyūtaṁ chalayatām asmi tejas tejasvinām aham ।
jayo ’smi vyavasāyo ’smi sattvaṁ sattvavatām aham ॥
jayo ’smi vyavasāyo ’smi sattvaṁ sattvavatām aham ॥
Krishna delves into less obvious, yet prevalent, aspects of existence. Among the fraudulent activities or those who deceive (chalayatām), He is gambling (dyūtam), indicating that even in such activities, His energy is present, though perverted. Among the splendid or brilliant (tejasvinām), He is splendor itself (tejas), symbolizing the inherent radiance and power. He is also victory (jayaḥ), representing success and triumph. He is determination or enterprise (vyavasāyaḥ), signifying resolve and initiative. And among the strong or virtuous (sattvavatām), He is goodness or strength (sattvam), representing purity, balance, and moral excellence.
वृीनां वासुदेवोऽ पाण्डवानां धनञ्जयः।
मुनीनामप्यहं व्यासः कवीनामुशना किवः॥
मुनीनामप्यहं व्यासः कवीनामुशना किवः॥
vṛṣṇīnāṁ vāsudevo ’smi pāṇḍavānāṁ dhanañjayaḥ ।
munīnām apy ahaṁ vyāsaḥ kavīnām uśanā kaviḥ ॥
munīnām apy ahaṁ vyāsaḥ kavīnām uśanā kaviḥ ॥
Krishna now identifies Himself with specific prominent personalities. Among the Vrishnis (the Yadava clan to which Krishna belongs), He is Vasudeva (His own self), emphasizing His supreme position within His own family and lineage. Among the Pandavas (Arjuna's brothers), He is Dhananjaya (Arjuna himself), highlighting Arjuna's special status as His friend and devotee. Among the sages (munīnām), He is Vyasa, the compiler of the Vedas and author of the Mahabharata, symbolizing profound literary and spiritual wisdom. And among the thoughtful or sagacious poets (kavīnām), He is Ushana (Shukracharya), the preceptor of the demons, known for his wisdom and insight, even if serving the opposing side.
दण्डो दमयताम नीितर िजगीषताम्।
मौनं चैवा गुानां ानं ानवतामहम्॥
मौनं चैवा गुानां ानं ानवतामहम्॥
daṇḍo damayatām asmi nītir asmi jigīṣatām ।
maunaṁ caivāsmi guhyānāṁ jñānaṁ jñānavatām aham ॥
maunaṁ caivāsmi guhyānāṁ jñānaṁ jñānavatām aham ॥
Krishna reveals His presence in the aspects of governance and wisdom. Among those who suppress or punish (damayatām), He is the rod of punishment (daṇḍaḥ), signifying justice, law, and order. Among those who seek victory (jigīṣatām), He is statesmanship or morality (nītiḥ), indicating that true victory comes through ethical conduct and wise policy. Among secrets or confidential matters (guhyānāṁ), He is silence (maunam), implying that true profound knowledge often lies beyond words and is understood through inner stillness. And among the wise (jñānavatām), He is wisdom itself (jñānam), the ultimate understanding that leads to liberation.
यािप सवभूतानां बीजं तदहमजुन।
न तदस्त िवना यान्मया भूतं चराचरम्॥
न तदस्त िवना यान्मया भूतं चराचरम्॥
yac cāpi sarva-bhūtānāṁ bījaṁ tad aham arjuna ।
na tad asti vinā yat syān mayā bhūtaṁ carācaram ॥
na tad asti vinā yat syān mayā bhūtaṁ carācaram ॥
In this profound verse, Krishna summarizes His omnipresence. He declares to Arjuna that whatever is the seed of all beings (bījaṁ) – the fundamental origin or essence from which everything springs forth – that, indeed, He is. He asserts that there is no being, whether moving or non-moving (carācaram), that can exist without Him. This verse emphasizes that He is the primal cause, the ultimate source, and the sustaining power behind all creation, making it impossible for anything to exist independently of Him.
नान्तोऽस्त मम िदव्यानां िवभूतीनां परन्तप।
एष तूेशतः प्रोो िवभूतेिवस्तरो मया॥
एष तूेशतः प्रोो िवभूतेिवस्तरो मया॥
nānto ’sti mama divyānāṁ vibhūtīnāṁ parantapa ।
eṣa tūddeśataḥ prokto vibhūter vistaro mayā ॥
eṣa tūddeśataḥ prokto vibhūter vistaro mayā ॥
Addressing Arjuna as "Parantapa" (scorcher of foes), Krishna concludes this section by stating that there is no end to His divine opulences (divyānāṁ vibhūtīnāṁ). He explains that what He has just described is merely a brief enumeration (eṣa tūddeśataḥ prokto), a fragment of the vast extent of His glories. This verse signifies that Krishna's manifestations are countless and immeasurable, and the examples given are only to provide Arjuna with a glimpse, enabling him to contemplate Krishna's omnipresence and understand that all greatness, beauty, and power originate from Him. This chunk, covering verses 21-40 of Chapter 10, provides a profound and extensive enumeration of Lord Krishna's divine opulences (Vibhutis). Krishna systematically reveals Himself as the most excellent, prominent, or fundamental aspect within various categories of beings, objects, phenomena, and qualities. From celestial bodies (sun, moon), sacred texts (Sama Veda), and powerful deities (Shankara, Indra) to natural forces (wind, ocean, Himalayas), animals (lion, Garuda), human virtues (fame, forgiveness), and abstract concepts (time, wisdom), Krishna demonstrates His all-pervasive presence. He identifies with the best among gods, sages, warriors, animals, and even the "A" among letters and the "Om" among sounds, culminating in the declaration that He is the beginning, middle, and end of all creation, and the seed of all beings, without whom nothing can exist. The section concludes with Krishna emphasizing that these are but a fraction of His infinite glories, encouraging devotees to perceive Him in all magnificent and essential aspects of the universe, thereby fostering a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the Supreme Absolute Truth. Conceptual Video Animation Script: Bhagavad Gita - Vibhuti Yoga (Chapter 10, Verses 21-40) This script outlines a 20-second animated video designed to visually represent the key themes of Chapter 10, Verses 21-40, focusing on Lord Krishna's divine opulences. Time: 20 Seconds Characters: Lord Krishna, Arjuna (resembling Mahabharata era) Setting: Battlefield, then various symbolic backdrops [0-2 seconds] SCENE 1: Introduction (Krishna & Arjuna) Visual: Close-up on Arjuna, helmet slightly askew, eyes wide with focus. Camera pans back to show Krishna, serene and radiating a gentle light, speaking to Arjuna on a stylized battlefield backdrop. Narration (Voiceover - Calm, Reverent Male Voice): "Lord Krishna reveals His infinite opulences to Arjuna, declaring He is the best in all categories." [2-6 seconds] SCENE 2: Celestial & Natural Forms Visual: Quick montage of shimmering, stylized visuals: Radiant Sun, then a serene Moon with twinkling stars. A majestic, snow-capped Himalayas range. A vast, deep blue Ocean. A subtle visual of wind sweeping across a landscape. Narration: "He is the sun among lights, moon among stars, the Himalayas among mountains, and the vast ocean, the swift wind." [6-10 seconds] SCENE 3: Living Beings & Sacred Objects Visual: Rapid cuts: A powerful, regal Lion roaring. Garuda (divine eagle) soaring powerfully in the sky. A sacred Ashvattha (banyan) tree with deep roots. A flash of Indra's Vajra (thunderbolt). A gentle Kamadhenu (wish-fulfilling cow) appearing amidst lush greenery. Narration: "Krishna is the mighty lion, swift Garuda, the sacred Ashvattha, the powerful Vajra, and the wish-fulfilling Kamadhenu." [10-14 seconds] SCENE 4: Wisdom, Time & Purity Visual: Quick, flowing visuals: A wise sage (representing Vyasa/Bhrigu) with an open scroll/palm leaf text. The sacred 'Om' symbol shimmering. A clock face dissolving into flowing light, representing Time. The Ganges River flowing serenely. Narration: "He is the essence of wisdom, the sacred 'Om', eternal Time, and the pure Ganges." [14-18 seconds] SCENE 5: The Ultimate Source Visual: Krishna raises a hand, a brilliant light emanating from Him. This light transforms into various elemental particles, then swiftly into a montage of diverse living and non-living forms (subtle, abstract representation of creation). Narration: "Krishna is the beginning, middle, and end, the very seed from which all existence springs forth." [18-20 seconds] SCENE 6: Conclusion (Arjuna's Realization) Visual: Arjuna looks up at Krishna with awe and reverence, a soft light of understanding illuminating his face. Krishna maintains a gentle, knowing smile. Narration: "Every excellence, power, and significance in the universe originates from Him, embodying His infinite glories."
यद्यिभूितमत्सत्त्वं ीमदूिजतमेव वा।
तत्तदेवावगच्छ त्वं मम तेजोऽंशसम्भवम्॥४१॥
तत्तदेवावगच्छ त्वं मम तेजोऽंशसम्भवम्॥४१॥
yadyad vibhūtimat sattvaṁ śrīmad ūrjitam eva vā |
tattadevāvagaccha tvaṁ mama tejo'ṁśa-sambhavam ||41||
tattadevāvagaccha tvaṁ mama tejo'ṁśa-sambhavam ||41||
Meaning: This verse serves as a summary of Krishna's preceding descriptions of His opulences. Krishna states that whatever is glorious, prosperous, powerful, or mighty in creation should be understood by Arjuna as a manifestation of a mere spark of His divine splendor. He emphasizes that His presence is not limited to a few specific manifestations but underlies all forms of excellence and power in the universe. Everything that possesses extraordinary beauty, strength, or influence is a reflection, however minute, of His infinite energy. This verse encourages one to perceive the divine in all that is magnificent and vibrant, guiding the devotee to recognize the source of all greatness.
अथवा बहुनैतेन िकं ातेन तवाजुन।
िवष्ट ाहिमदं कृत्स्नमेकांशेन स्थतो जगत्॥४२॥
िवष्ट ाहिमदं कृत्स्नमेकांशेन स्थतो जगत्॥४२॥
athavā bahunaitena kiṁ jñātena tavārjuna |
viṣṭabhyāhamidaṁ kṛtsnam ekāṁśena sthito jagat ||42||
viṣṭabhyāhamidaṁ kṛtsnam ekāṁśena sthito jagat ||42||
Meaning: Concluding His discourse on opulences, Lord Krishna tells Arjuna that there is no need to know all the innumerable details of His specific manifestations, as they are endless. Instead, He gives a profound summary: He sustains the entire universe with a mere fraction of His divine energy. This verse highlights the incomprehensible vastness and power of the Supreme Being. It implies that even the entire cosmos, with all its galaxies, stars, and beings, is a tiny portion of His absolute existence, and His full, unmanifested glory remains beyond comprehension. It re-emphasizes His omnipresence and the fact that He is the ultimate substratum of all existence.